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Fibers with diameters below 500 nanometers (0.5 microns) are commonly referred to
as nanofibers. Webs of these nanofibers provide significantly different properties compared to conventional synthetic nonwovens and allow a maximum utilization of a minimal mass, which is a typical trait of nanotechnologies - getting more out of less.
As an example, we can generate 20,000 miles of 0.1 micron fiber with a single gram of polymer. Thus, it is easy to understand the interest for nanofiber materials in areas such as filtration and separation, barrier fabrics in technical textiles, breathable membranes in apparel, and catalyst supports.
Also, as solvent electrospinning is a solution-based process, it allows the use of additives, whether soluble in the solution or particulates that are dispersed. This flexibility makes it possible to produce functional nanofibers with specific chemistries adapted for applications, which include: drug or chemical delivery, perfumes and oils, reinforcements, color, and catalysts.
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